PRONOUN
Pronoun adalah kata ganti yang digunakan sebagai penyebutan pengganti
nama. Pronoun bisa digunakan baik sebagai kata ganti orang maupun kata ganti
benda.
Perhatikan contoh berikut :
- Ani is a student. She goes to school everyday. (She, adalah sebagai kata ganti Ani/orang)
- I have a wallet. It is expensive. (It adalah kata ganti dari wallet/benda)
Apakah sudah bisa dipahami? Jika sudah, mari kita
lanjut untuk mengenal jenis – jenis pronoun
dalam bahasa Inggris tersebut.
Jika belum silahkan simak penjelasan dibawah ini.
Dalam bahasa Indonesia, pronoun juga digunakan.
Seperti misalnya “dia, mereka, saya, kami, benda itu”. Semua itu adalah kata
ganti tanpa menyebutkan nama seseorang atau nama bendanya. Dalam bahasa inggris, hal ini disebut PRONOUN. Seperti yang
saya sebutkan diatas bahwa jenis
jenis pronoun dalam bahasa Inggris itu ada tiga, yaitu personal
pronouns, possessive pronouns, reflexive pronouns. Ketiga jenis pronoun tersebut akan saya bahas satu
persatu.
1. Personal Pronoun
(Kata ganti nama orang)
Ada dua jenis penggunaan personal pronoun.
- Penggunaan pronoun sebagai subjek.
Dalam penggunaan personal pronoun sebagai subjek,
maka personal pronoun tersebut berperan sebagai pelaku atau yang melakukan
tindakan.
Kata ganti orang ke
|
Singular (tunggal)
|
Plural (jamak)
|
I
(satu)
|
I
|
We
|
II
(dua)
|
You
|
You
|
III
(tiga)
|
He,
She, It
|
They
|
Example:
Sentence
|
Meaning
|
I eat
banana
|
Saya
memakan pisang
|
She goes
to the market
|
Dia
pergi ke supermarket
|
We play
basketball
|
Kami
bermain basket
|
- Personal Pronoun sebagai objek.
Dalam penggunaan personal pronoun sebagai objek,
maka personal pronoun tersebut berperan sebagai korban atau yang dikenai
tindakan.
Kata ganti orang ke
|
Singular (tunggal)
|
Plural (jamak)
|
I
(satu)
|
Me
|
Us
|
II
(dua)
|
You
|
You
|
III
(tiga)
|
Him,
her, It
|
Them
|
Example:
Sentence
|
Meaning
|
Doni
eat It
|
Doni
memakan itu
|
Marina
help me
|
Marina
membantu saya
|
Mr
Antonteaches us
|
Pak
Anton mengajar kami
|
Apakah sudah jelas penjelasan saya? Jika belum anda boleh
bertanya melalui pesan yang bisa anda tinggalkan dalam kotak komentar di bawah.
Keterangan tambahan.
Pronoun
|
Keterangan
|
I
(saya)
|
Orang
pertama tunggal (orang yang berbicara)
|
We
(kami)
|
Orang
pertama jamak (Orang yang berbicara)
|
You
(kamu/kalian)
|
Orang
kedua tunggal/jamak (orang yang di ajak berbicara)
|
He
(dia laki-laki)
|
Orang
ketiga tunggal (Orang yang dibicarakan)
|
She
(dia perempuan)
|
Orang
ketiga tunggal (Orang yang dibicarakan)
|
It
(ia, ini, itu)
|
Benda/binatang
tunggal (yang dibicarakan)
|
They
( mereka)
|
Orang
ketiga jamak (orang yang dibicarakan)
|
2. Possessive
pronoun (Kata ganti milik)
Possesive pronoun juga mempunyai dua fungsi atau
kegunaan, yaitu sebagai kata sifat (As adjective) dan sebagai kanti ganti saja
(As pronoun).
- Possessive pronoun sebagai kata sifat (as adjective)
My
|
Milik
saya
|
Your
|
Milik
kamu
|
His
|
Miliknya
(laki laki)
|
Her
|
Miliknya
(perempuan)
|
Their
|
Milik
mereka
|
Our
|
Milik
kami/kita
|
Its
|
Milik
(binatang/benda)
|
Note: Jika pengguanaan possessive pronoun sebagai
kata sifat, maka harus disertai dengan bendanya.
Example:
Sentence
|
Meaning
|
This
is my car
|
Ini
adalah mobil saya
|
That
is your pen
|
Itu
adalah pulpen anda/kamu
|
Her father
gives me a book
|
Ayahnya
member saya buku
|
Those
are their books
|
Itu
adalah bukunya
|
Note:
# My menjelaskan car
# Your menjelaskan pen
# Her menjelaskan father
#Their menjelaskan books
Mine
|
Milik
saya
|
Yours
|
Milik
kamu
|
His
|
Miliknya
(laki laki)
|
Hers
|
Miliknya
(perempuan)
|
Theirs
|
Milik
mereka
|
Ours
|
Milik
kami/kita
|
Its
|
Milik
(binatang/benda)
|
Note: jika Possessive pronoun digunakan sebagai
pronoun, maka tidak disertai dengan objek bendanya.
Example:
Sentence
|
Meaning
|
This
car is mine
|
Mobil
itu punyaku
|
That
pen isyours
|
Pulpen
itu punyamu
|
The
house is Hers
|
Rumah
itu miliknya
|
Those
books aretheirs
|
Buku
itu miliknya
|
Reflexive pronoun merupakan kata ganti yang digunakan
untuk menyatakan perbuatan atau tindakan yang dilakukan sendiri atau tanpa
campur tangan orang lain.
Myself
|
Saya
sendiri
|
Yourself/
yourselves
|
Kamu
sendiri/ Kalian sendiri
|
Himself
|
Dia
sendiri
|
Herself
|
Dia
sendiri
|
Theirselves
|
Mereka
sendiri
|
Ourselve
|
Kami/Kita
sendiri
|
Itself
|
Binatang/benda
itu sendiri
|
Example:
Sentence
|
Meaning
|
I
can do it myself
|
Saya
dapat mengerjakannya sendiri
|
He
washes the dress himself
|
Dia
sendiri yang mencuci baju itu
|
They
kill their friends theirselves
|
Mereka
sendiri yang membunuh temannya
|
Ringkasan:
Personal pronoun
(Kata ganti orang)
|
Possessive pronoun
(Kata ganti milik)
|
Reflexive prnonoun
|
||
As Subject
(Sebagai subjek)
|
As Object
(Sebagai
objek)
|
As Adjective
(Sebagai
kt.sifat)
|
As Pronoun
(Sebagai
kt.ganti)
|
|
I
Saya
|
Me
Saya
|
My
Milik
saya
|
Mine
Milik
saya
|
Myself
Saya
sendiri
|
We
Kami/kita
|
Us
Kami/kita
|
Our
Milik
kami/kita
|
Ours
Milik
kami/kita
|
Ourselves
Kami/kita
sendiri
|
You
Kamu/kalian
|
You
Kamu/kalian
|
Your
Milikmu/kalian
|
Yours
Milikmu/kalian
|
Yourselfe/ves
Kamu/kalian
sendiri
|
She
Dia
(pr)
|
Her
Dia
(pr)
|
Her
Milknya
(pr)
|
Hers
Milknya
(pr)
|
Herself
Dia
(pr) sendiri
|
He
Dia
(lk)
|
Him
Dia
(lk)
|
His
Miliknya
(lk)
|
Him
Miliknya
(lk)
|
Himself
Dia
(lk) sendiri
|
It
Itu
/benda
|
It
Itu
/benda
|
Its
Milik
benda
|
Its
Milik
benda
|
Itself
Binatang/benda
itu sendiri
|
They
meraka
|
Them
meraka
|
Their
Milik
mereka
|
Their
Milik
mereka
|
Theirselves
Mereka
sendiri
|
Soal Bahasa Inggris mengenai Possesive adjective !
1. I am a student, ........ school is on Jl. Mawar
I am a
student, My school is on Jl. Mawar
2. They live in Semarang, ........ house is big and
beautiful.
They
live in Semarang, Their house is big and beautiful.
3. Mom loves cookin, ........ cake is always delicious
Mom
loves cookin, Her cake is always delicious
4. Look at the cat ! ........ eyes are green
Look at
the cat ! It eyes are green
5. Are you new student? Where is ........ classroom?
Are you
new student? Where is your classroom?
6. Nia has a pencil, ........ pencil case is new.
Nia has
a pencil, Her pencil case is new.
7. They are my parents, ........ names are Mr. Adi and Ms
Ina
They
are my parents, Their names are Mr. Adi and Ms Ina
8. Andy has a sister, ........ name is Shinta
Andy
has a sister, Her name is Shinta
9. Alvian is at home. He is cleaning ........ bedroom
Alvian
is at home, He is cleaning his bedroom
10. Rita has two cousins, ........ names Matthew and Shelly
Rita
has two cousins, Their names Matthew and Shelly
Soal Bahasa Inggris mengenai Reflexive Pronoun
1. We protect .......... from the rain with an umbrella.
We
protect ourselves from the rain with an umbrella.
2. The boy taught .......... to sew.
The boy
taught himself to sew.
3. Both boys taught .......... to swim.
Both
boys taught themselves to swim.
4. We all enjoyed .......... at the concert last night.
We all
enjoyed ourselves at the concert last night.
5. The children are amusing ..........with the kitten.
The
children are amusing themselves with the kitten.
6. The policewoman shot .......... by accident.
The
policewoman shot herself by accident.
7. Did you enjoy .......... at the party last night?
Did you
enjoy yourself at the party last night?
8. You will cut .......... with that knife if you are not
careful.
You
will cut yourself with that knife if you are not careful.
9. I once cut .......... badly with the same knife.
I once
cut myself badly with the same knife.
10. I blame .......... for all the trouble.
I blame
myself for all the trouble.
11. She likes to look at .......... in the mirror.
She
likes to look at herself in the mirror.
12. My father cuts .......... every morning when he shaves.
My
father cuts himself every morning when he shaves.
13. Felicia cut .......... on a piece of glass.
Felicia
cut herself on a piece of glass.
14. The child is not old enough to dress ...........
The
child is not old enough to dress itself (herself/himself).
15. The dog hurt .......... when it jumped over the fence.
The dog
hurt itself when it jumped over the fence.
16. Paul and I enjoyed .......... very much at the party
last night.
Paul
and I enjoyed ourselves very much at the party last night.
17. You shouldn’t really blame .......... for the mistake.
You
shouldn’t really blame yourself (yourselves) for the mistake.
18. I .......... will have little to do.
I myself
will have little to do.
19. Juanita said that she .......... saw the man enter the
office.
Juanita
said that she herself saw the man enter the office.
20. The policeman .......... shot the thief.
The
policeman himself shot the thief.
21. We .......... made the first offer to buy the houses.
We
ourselves made the first offer to buy the houses.
22. The president .......... will deliver the principle
address.
The
president herself/himself will deliver the principle address.
23. She says that she .......... will be responsible for the
debt.
She
says that she herself will be responsible for the debt.
24. I .......... refused to take part in the matter.
I
myself refused to take part in the matter
25. The boys .......... will cut the grass once a week.
The
boys themselves will cut the grass once a week.
26. The captain .......... led the attack against the enemy.
The
captain himself/herself led the attack against the enemy.
27. The pupils .......... decorated the classroom with flags
and flowers.
The pupils
themselves decorated the classroom with flags and flowers.
28. The detective .......... committed the murder.
The
detective himself/herself committed the murder.
29. I .......... don’t like that restaurant.
I
myself don’t like that restaurant.
30. It was you .......... who recommended it so highly.
It was
you yourself who recommended it so highly.
31. They .......... will provide the money.
They
themselves will provide the money.
32. Joe .......... mailed the letter.
Joe
himself mailed the letter.
33. You .......... must speak to him about it.
You
yourself must speak to him about it.
34. Myra said that she would arrange for the flowers
...........
Myra
said that she would arrange for the flowers herself.
35. “I don’t want to do it, but I guess I’ll have to go
...........”
“I
don’t want to do it, but I guess I’ll have to go myself.”
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